architettura, tempo, spazio e materia: Space - Time interchangeably in Science and Art.

di Paolo Manzelli: pmanzelli@gmail.com; www.egocreanet.it , www.edscuola.it/LRE.html , www.wbabin.net

Interchangeably of space with time and viceversa in critical cycles was a fundamental idea of the ancient “Yin -Yang” alchemical theory of transformations in the Universe.

This cyclic conception, where “Yin as Time” and “Yang as Space” can exchange each with the other, was definitely substituted in the industrial era , in fact the unique frame of reference becomes based on the Euclid-Geometry (1), where the model of Space-Time is defined by three orthogonal coordinates plus one coodinate for the timing succession.(XYZ,T)

After the relativity proposed by Albert Einstein (1905) was taken in more serious consideration the three possible curvatures space geometries for the Universe. The ratio of the “mass/energy density” “W” through its critical values determines the 1) close or, 2) open or, 3) flat geometry of space. (2)

1) An Universe where the density of matter is high ( Universe/spherical space), locally parallel light rays ultimately converge . W > 1 Curvature is positive, and space is “close”.
2) An Universe where the density of matter is low (open Universe/hyperbolic space), locally parallel light rays ultimately diverge. W <>Universe where the density of matter is the 'critical density' , locally parallel lines remain parallel. W = 1,Curvature is zero, and space is “ flat “.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_of_the_Universe

In the last century scientists became increasingly interested in the foundations of geometries with an arbitrary number of extra space dimensions e.g. overcoming the classic three dimensions .
A six-dimensional object cross section :http://space.newscientist.com/article/dn11172-satellite-

could-see-shadow-of-extra-dimensions.html
Non Euclidean Geometries of curved spaces as Hyperbolic Geometry , or Elliptic Geometry,.. are intensively studied in science and in art .

http://original.britannica.com/eb/art-322/Contrasting-triangles-in-Euclidean-elliptic-and-hyperbolic-spaces

Fishes in M. C. Escher's hyperbolic Geometry: http://www.mathaware.org/mam/03/

The flowering of research on the different geometries of “not Euclidean” hyperspaces , has left unchanged the mechanical convention of time, measured by a “clock “ and based the uniqueness of linear dimension of instants of timing succession.
Really in every epochal change both art and science involve a creative review of thinking about the relations between the events, changing accordingly the temporal structure. In fact, during the “agricultural era” the misuration of time was made with the “Klessidra”; so that the double dimension of time was shown through the cohabitation of two cyclical weather conditions, ( light-dark; hot, cold; dry, rain,...). The hourglass in fact has incorporate in the specific form of the cyclical dimension of time flow, and so that its structural form, indicates the temporal duration which follows the rhythmic dynamics of natural events. The industrial society has instead preferred the mechanics measurement of the “clock”, because is being more interested in movements that are repeated constantly in a shortest time ever, characterized by the acceleration of motion.
Therefore, the great sensitivity to any epochal change of modern art, has characterized the requirement of rebuilding mechanical conceptions of time as new relationship between historically events. In fact a new relationship between early-contemporary events, finds its mark on paintings by Salvator Dali (1904-1989) , which interpret artistically the “expansion of space and time” and their mutual dependence, acquired at about the same times by Science with the “Theory of Relativity” as was formulated by Albert Einstein. (1905).

Dali’s Persistence of Memory . (in flexible non-linear time)

Dali’s the Disintegration of the Persistence of Memory. (after the Nuclear Bomb in in Hiroshima, then Nagasaki)
http://www.terry.ubc.ca/index.php/2007/11/28/the-art-of-science-the-science-of-art/

More recent descoveries of quantum science, deeply modify the organization of space-time before considered as a continuum, based on the space defined by three vectors and only one givin the orientation of time's flow. In fact at the quantum level photons (carriers of luminous phenomenon), moves corpuscularly and in the same time possesses wave caracteristics. Light, (as phenomenon characterized by corpuscular-wave dualism), recently has shown two distint forms of „photon-spin“ e.g. with clock-wise and counter clock-wise properties. Therefore photons emitted by a laser-clock, need to take in consideration that, syncronised beams, can be spitted, through a magnetic spin analizer,in two diffacted energy fields, according to the sense of rotation. Thus we observe that whenever we think about time, without making reference to a mechanical phenomenon, highlights the fundamental insight of the ancient idea of Chinese alchemy, founded on the double interchange between “YIN / YANG” in Taoism , that corresponds also in quantum-scale to a mutual synergy between time and space.

PHOTON-SPIN : focus.aps.org/story/v17/st15

In fact, at “quantum-scale”, under a space-time confinement of photons, the “entanglement” actions can re-locating the organizational structure of the four-vectors of relativistic space-time (3). Quantum confinement causes a deep overlap the waves associated with particles, so that confinement actions, get some critical changes of space-time, in correspondence to the changes driven by the space sise values of confinement, among the different forms of energy (“Ev//Em//Ei”). So, when a beam of photons speed up to reach the wall the velocity of light, the confinement action produces the compaction of the waves, realizing the quantum entanglement between photons. This will implement the critical transition between the three-dimensional structure of space and only one for the time, towards the two-dimension both in space and time (XYZ, T <-> XY, T1, T2), that characterizes the form of Information Energy (Ei) (4).
Now, if we take into consideration,(during the process of confinement), the existence of two spins in the beam of photons, then the entanglement action, generates two fields "Ei-Up" and "Ei-Down", characterized by different properties of those bidimensional “Ei fields”, driven by two opposite clock and counter-clock rotations. Finally, if these two fields "Ei-Up" and "Ei-Down" incorporate among them some photons, the new twisted confinement action, realizes a new critical transition of space time, which is restructuring in the following step (XY, T1, T3 <-> X, T1, T3, T3), that generates the hyperbolic composition of space time, used as a logo of the centennial of relativity that can be considered as the quantum space time structure of “tunnelling effect”.

It is important to know that the subsequent critical transitions of the structure of space-time to higher quantum levels, are obtained utilizing the loss of kinetic mass of photons,( following the application of the EINSTIEN's formula “ E = mc2 " ), caused by the confinement which generate the successive Entanglement- actions above descibed .Finally a similar hyperbolic space-time structure can be obtained in the macro-world in the case of cosmological “Black-Holes”.

http://www.bnl.gov/rhic/black_holes.htm

The above “insight on quantum confinement” is based on the “Space-Time Equivalence” among the four-arrows. This equivalence concept follows the fundamental convinction that time and space are both fundamental driving parameters of existence , so that they can transform each to other in critical conditons, generating parallel simultaneity among three geometrical organizational structures of Space-time, in order to “self-organizing” the best interactive composition among the different forms of energy (Ev//Em//Ei), to maintain constant the “Total Energy Principle”.

In conclusion a new world-view can be shown in connection with “Quantum Bio-Physics” theory; in fact at quantum scale the “time-space equivalence” can include the “YIN-YANG” ancient Chinese alchemy , where two two opposing yet cooperating entities of time and space , can critically exchange each to the other in the flow of the “Universal Life”.